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Grammatical Structures of Japanese N3

In this article, we are going to share a list of Japanese grammatical rules and structures studied in JLPT N3. This is a complete list of Japanese N3 grammar, involving particles, adverbs and other expressions that form the basis of Japanese.

JLPT - Japanese Language Proficiency Test - Japanese proficiency exam
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N3 JLPT Japanese Grammar

We recommend examining the grammatical expressions in isolation, as some errors may have occurred during translation. The purpose of the list below is simply to show what you need to study to take the JLPT N3 exam.

Responsive Table: Scroll the table to the side with your finger >>
Japanese Romaji Explanation
あまり amari so much that
あまりにも amari ni mo too much; so much that; excessively ~
いくら~ても ikura~temo no matter how ~
うちに uchi ni while; before ~
おかげで thanks to you thanks to; due to; because of ~
かける kakeru half-; not yet finished; in the middle of ~
がたい gatai very difficult; difficult to ~
がち gachi to want; tendency to; frequently; often; to do something easily
から〜にかけて kara~ni kakete through; from A to B
か何か(かなにか) ka nani ka or something ~
きり kiri only; just; Since the; after ~
くせに kuse ni and still; Despite; despite the fact that ~
くらい・ぐらい kurai / gourai approximately; about; around; to the extent that ~
こそ koso certainly; precisely; definitely ~
こと koto (must do
ことから koto kara from the fact that ~
ごとに goto ni each; each; at intervals of ~
ことになっている koto ni natteiru to be expected; to be scheduled for; it has been decided as a rule that
ことは~が koto wa~ga Despite; but ~
ことはない koto wa nai It is not necessary; (something) never happens; there is no possibility that ~
さえ sae until; as much as; not even
さえ~ば sae~ba if only; while
さて sate conjunction: well; now; then ~
さらに sara ni more and more; again; furthermore ~
しかない shikanai have no choice but to ~
しばらく for a while for a moment; for a while; for now
じゃない janai maybe; probably; information confirmation; Express surprise to the listener
ずつ zutsu a piece; each; at a time
すでに south ni something has already been done / occurred; it is already the case
すなわち in other words in other words; namely ~
ずに zuni without doing ~
ずにはいられない zuni wa irarenai I can't help but feel; I can't help but do; must do ~
せいぜい seizei at most; at best; To the maximum
せいで you are from because of; due to; as a result of ~
そうもない /そうにない none at all / it doesn't exist very unlikely to ~; not showing signs of ~
そのために sleep tame ni consequently; for this reason; because of ~
それとも or rather or; or else ~
だけ only as much as ~
だけでなく dake of naku not only but also
だけど but However; but
たって tatte even if; Despite; no matter how ~
たて tate just made; made on the spot; freshly made
たとえ~ても tatoe~temo even if... that is the case
たとたん ok just as; as well as ~
たびに tabi ni whenever; every time ~
ために tame ni for; in order to; for the benefit of; because of; as a result of ~
たものだ ok used to do; would often do
だらけ darake full of; covered with; a lot of (something undesirable)
つい tsui accidentally; involuntarily; by mistake
ついでに tsuide ni meanwhile, by the way, at the same time, on the way ~
ついに tsui ni finally ~; at last ~; In the end
っけ It seems that "kke" is not a phrase in Portuguese. If you meant something specific to be translated or if it's from a certain context, please provide more information! a casual suffix to confirm something you are trying to
っぱなし The term "ppanashi" does not require translation as it appears to be a specific word or name. If you need further information or context on it, please provide additional details. keeping (something) on; keeping (something) still in use
っぽい ppoi it seems that; a little ~; -ish; easily ~; often does ~
つまり In English, "tsumari" can be translated as "in other words" or "that is to say." in other words; In summary; in summary ~
つもりだった tsumori datta I thought that ~; I believe that ~; was planning ~; intended ~
つもりで intention with the intention of doing ~
ている場合じゃない(ているばあいじゃない) teiru baai janai it's not time to do ~
てからでないと it's not okay if you don't come must first do; cannot do without first doing ~
てごらん te goran please try; please look
てしょうがない・てしかたがない there's nothing that can be done I can't help, but ~; very; extremely
てはいけないから te wa ikenai kara to avoid ~; to prevent a negative situation
てばかりいる bakari iru only; nothing but ~
てはじめて te hajimete not yet; only after [x] I
てもかまわない temo kamawanai it doesn't matter if ~
てもしょうがない / てもしかたがない it can't be helped / there's nothing we can do there's no reason to ~; it's no use ~; there's no way
ても始まらない(てもはじまらない) temo hajimaranai even if you... it's no use; it doesn't make sense ~
て済む(てすむ) te sumu sufficient for; no problem to; solve for ~
といい / たらいい to ii / tara ii it would be good if; we should; I hope ~
ということだ to iu koto da I heard ~; it means that ~; in other words ~
というのは to iu nowa this means; the meaning of... is; Because; that means ~
というより to iu yori instead of ~
といっても to ittemo even if I say; even if one can say ~
どうしても doushitemo no matter what; at any cost; after all ~
とおりに toori ni Similarly; on the way; like ~
ところが tokoro ga nevertheless; However; although ~
ところで by the way by the way ~
として as as ~; in the role of ~
とすれば・としたら・とすると if you do / if you do it / if you do it in the case of ~; assuming ~; if A then B
とても~ない totemo~nai it can't be; hardly ~
とは限らない(とはかぎらない) towa kagiranai not necessarily; it's not always true
とみえる / とみえて to see / to be seen looks like ~
どんなに~ても donna ni~temo no matter how much)
と共に(とともに) to tomo ni together with; at the same time as; as well as ~
と言うと(というと) to iu to talking about; when you speak; when you say ~
と言えば(といえば) to ieba talking about; when you speak; when you say; if it were the case of ~
ないことはない nai koto wa nai you can do it; it's not impossible ~
ないと night must do; unless / if you don't ~
なかなか nakanaka very; quite; beautiful; instead; just not ~
ながらも nagara mo but; Despite; despite~
なぜなら nazenara Because; the reason is; if you want to know why
なるべく naru beku as much as possible
なんか・なんて・など nanka; nante; nado give examples; show modesty; make little of ~
において / における in / at no; in relation to ~; regarding ~; concerning ~
にかけて ni kakete for a period); through ~; in relation to ~; regarding ~
にかわって / にかわり in place of / instead of instead of ~; replacing ~; on behalf of ~
にしたがって ni shitagatte How; Therefore; in accordance with; According to; Consequently
にしては ni shite wa for; considering that it is (something or someone)
にしても no shite mo even if; Despite; regardless of ~
について ni tsuite related; regarding; about; in ~
につれて no trumpet How; in proportion to; with; as... so ~
にとって not totte for; regarding; concerning...; in relation to ~
には no wa for the purpose of; in order to ~
によって / による by / according to through; due to; due to; because of ~
によると /によれば ni yoru to/ni yoreba according to ~
に反して(にはんして) no hanshite against; contrary to; in contrast with ~
に対して(にたいして) ni taishite toward; against; regarding; in contrast to
に慣れる(になれる) ni nareru be used to something
に比べて(にくらべて) no kurabete in comparison with ~; in comparison with ~
に違いない(にちがいない) There is no difference I'm sure; without a doubt that ~
に関する / に関して(にかんする / にかんして) to be related to / regarding about; regarding; related to ~
のでしょうか no deshou ka Could you please ask a question politely?
は~で有名(は~でゆうめい) wa~de yuumei famous for ~
ば~のに ba~noni would have; should; if only ~
ば~ほど ba~hodo How much more
ばいい ba ii should, can, it would be good if ~
ばかりで only only; just (negative connotation)
ばかりでなく bakari denaku not only, but also; as well as ~
はもちろん wa mochiron not to mention; not only; but also ~
ばよかった ba yokatta it should have; it would have been better if ~
は別として(はべつとして) wa betsu toshite besides; besides; except for; whether or not ~
ふと futo Suddenly; accidentally; unexpectedly; involuntarily ~
ぶりに buri ni for the first time in (period)
ふりをする furi the suru pretend; act as if ~
べきだ beki da should do; must do ~
べきではない beki dewa nai it should not do ~; it should not do ~
ほど hodo degree; extension; limits; upper limit
ほど~ない hodo~nai it's not so... like ~
まさか no way there's no way; That's impossible; you must be kidding
まるで completely It seems; as if; just as ~
むしろ rather instead; instead of; better ~
めったに~ない metta ni~nai hardly; rarely; seldom
も~ば~も mo~ba~mo e; Moreover; also; or; neither nor
もしかしたら moshika shitara possibly; maybe; by chance; by chance ~
もしも〜たら if~you could And if; inside the case; assuming ~
ようがない you go nai there is no way; it's impossible ~
ようとしない you to shinai don't try; don't make an effort to ~
ようとする you're suru try; to try; to be about to ~
ような気がする(ようなきがする) you na ki ga suru have the feeling that; it seems; it seems that; I think that ~
ように you don't in order to, so that ~
ように見える(ようにみえる) you ni mieru look; seem; to appear
よりも "from" in comparison to; instead of ~; more than ~
わけがない wake ga nai there's no way ~; it's impossible ~
わけだ wake da for this reason; it’s no wonder; how would you expect; the fact is that; so you mean ~
わけではない wake dewa nai does not mean that; that’s not the case; I didn’t mean that; it’s not true that ~
わけにはいかない wake niwa ikanai Should not; cannot pay; must, has no choice but ~
わざと wazato on purpose; intentionally ~
わざわざ wazawaza to have the work of; to leave one's own path to ~
をはじめ the hajime for example; starting with
を中心に(をちゅうしんに) the chuushin ni focused on; centered on
を込めて(をこめて) the komete filled with; full of
を通じて /を通して(をつうじて /をとおして) o tsuujite / o tooshite through; through the; along; by
んだって "Ndatte" I heard that; heard that ~
一体(いったい) "ittai" emphasis; what on Earth; what in the world ~
一度に(いちどに) ichido ni all at once
一方だ(いっぽうだ) ippou da more and more; continue to ~
上げる(あげる) to give finish doing ~
上で(うえで) ue de above; after; when; to; in order to
上に(うえに) wow also; moreover; in addition to; not only... but also ~
中(ちゅう) chuu / yo currently; during; at some point; throughout; before the end of ~
代わりに(かわりに) kawari ni instead of; as a substitute for; in exchange for; in return for
例えば(たとえば) tatoeba for example; for example ~
最中に(さいちゅうに) saichuu ni while; during; in the middle of ~
切る(きる) "to cut" do something completely to the end
切れない(きれない) kirenai unable to do; too much to finish / complete
別に~ない(べつに~ない) betsu ni~nai not really, not particularly
割に(わりに) wari ni considering; comparatively; relatively; unexpectedly; exceptionally ~
合う(あう) au do something together
向き(むき) muki suitable for ~
向け(むけ) muke intended for; intended for ~
数量 + は(すうりょう + は) suuryou + wa at least ~
気味(ぎみ) I'm sorry, but "gimi" doesn't have a direct translation. It may refer to a word or slang in a specific context. Could you provide more context or clarify its usage? - like; - looking; - similar; tending to ~
決して~ない(けっして~ない) never~not Never; in no way ~
的(てき) teki change noun to adjective-na (-ish; -like; -ish)
直す(なおす) naosu to do something again; to do again
確かに(たしかに) tashika ni certainly, certainly ~
結局(けっきょく) kekkyoku after everything; eventually; in the end ~
結果(けっか) result as a result of; after ~
込む(こむ) komu to do something for a long time or to move something inside
途中で/途中に(とちゅうで/とちゅうに) on the way / in the middle on the way; in the middle of ~
通す(とおす) to to do until the end; to do continuously; by means of ~
際に(さいに) come out when; at the time of; in the case of ~